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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Capillary Exchange01:28

Capillary Exchange

The cardiovascular system's chief role is to disseminate gases, nutrients, waste, and other substances to the body's cells. Small molecules like gases, lipids, and lipid-soluble substances directly diffuse through capillary wall endothelial cell membranes. Glucose, amino acids, and ions, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride, use transporters for facilitated diffusion via membrane-specific channels. Glucose, ions, and bigger molecules may also pass through intercellular clefts.
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Glomerular Filtration: Net Filtration Pressure01:26

Glomerular Filtration: Net Filtration Pressure

Glomerular filtration, a key process in the kidneys, is regulated by three main pressures: Glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP), Capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP), and Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP).
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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
08:55

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments

Published on: April 24, 2020

Capillary pressure may predict preclinical changes in the eye.

K M Gooding1, J E Tooke, H von Lany

  • 1Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, UK. kim.gooding@pms.ac.uk

Diabetologia
|June 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Capillary pressure is linked to fovea thickness in non-diabetic individuals. This finding highlights retinal microvascular pressure as a potential target for preventing eye conditions like diabetic retinopathy.

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Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
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Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: February 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
08:55

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments

Published on: April 24, 2020

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:18

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: February 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Microcirculation Studies

Background:

  • Microvascular dysfunction contributes to end-organ damage.
  • Macular edema is a key feature of diabetic retinopathy.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) accurately measures macular thickness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between fovea thickness and microvascular variables in non-diabetic individuals.
  • To assess the role of capillary pressure and microvascular filtration capacity (Kf) in determining fovea thickness.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 50 non-diabetic adults (25 men, 25 women).
  • Assessed fovea thickness using OCT.
  • Measured microvascular parameters including capillary pressure, Kf, structural assessments, and endothelial function.

Main Results:

  • Fovea thickness averaged 214.6 (19.9) microm.
  • Capillary pressure, adjusted for BMI, significantly correlated with fovea thickness (standardized beta 0.573, p = 0.006).
  • No significant association was found between fovea thickness and Kf, microvascular structure, or endothelial function.

Conclusions:

  • Capillary pressure is associated with fovea thickness in non-diabetic individuals.
  • This suggests that mechanisms regulating retinal microvascular pressure are important targets for intervention.
  • Understanding these mechanisms may help in preventing microvascular complications.