Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Field-Based Thermal Physiology Assay: Cold Shock Recovery under Ambient Conditions
Published on: March 9, 2021
Development of outdoor thermal index indicating universal and separate effects on human thermal comfort
Kazuo Nagano1, Tetsumi Horikoshi
1Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, 630-8506, Japan. nagano@cc.nara-wu.ac.jp
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to propose a new outdoor thermal index that simultaneously indicates universal and separate effects. The value indicating universal effect in this index consists of the summation of air temperature and the effective temperature differences by air velocity, longwave radiation, solar radiation, and humidity. This paper describes the theoretical construction of this newly derived index to compare with previous indices. The calculations of the new index are demonstrated using the observed data in order to explicitly indicate the specific features of the new index.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
Factors may include:
Body Temperature
Body Temperature
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C (97–99°F), remaining relatively stable...
Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
Thermal Strain
Mechanism of heat transfer

