Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026
07:30
Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
Published on: April 23, 2021
Cognitive deficit in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Benchalak Maneeton1, Narong Maneeton, Worawit Louthrenoo
1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. bkhongsa@med.cmu.ac.th
Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology
|June 10, 2010
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, especially those with prior central nervous system (CNS) involvement, exhibit significant cognitive deficits. These impairments correlate with disease activity, highlighting the need for integrated care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with potential neurological manifestations.
- Cognitive impairment is a recognized complication in SLE, but its prevalence and variation based on central nervous system (CNS) history require further elucidation.
- Understanding the relationship between cognitive function, disease activity, and medication in SLE is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and variation of cognitive deficits in SLE patients with and without a history of CNS involvement.
- To investigate the association between SLE-related cognitive deficits, medication dosage, and disease activity.
Main Methods:
- Ninety-four participants (62 SLE patients, 32 controls) were screened for anxiety and depression.
- Exclusion criteria included high scores on the Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) and Depression (HAM-D) scales.
- Cognitive functioning was assessed in 30 SLE patients (11 with prior CNS history, 19 without) and 22 controls.
Main Results:
- Cognitive impairment was found in 30.0% of SLE patients versus 0% of controls (p = 0.003).
- SLE patients with prior CNS history showed higher impairment (45.5%) compared to those without (21.1%).
- Impairments were noted in attention, auditory comprehension, visuospatial ability, and executive function, correlating with disease activity (p = 0.005).
Conclusions:
- Cognitive deficits are prevalent in SLE patients, particularly those with a history of CNS involvement.
- Disease activity is significantly associated with cognitive impairment in SLE.
- Further research into disease activity and cognitive function is essential for addressing the daily living and social care needs of SLE patients.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
01:22Dementia l: Introduction
Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
01:23Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
01:29Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...