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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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Interference effect and the nature of the pi-bonding in 1,3-butadiene
Thiago Messias Cardozo1, Gabriel Nascimento Freitas, Marco Antonio Chaer Nascimento
1Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitaria, CT Bloco A, Sala 412, Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil.
Abstract:
The nature of the chemical bond in 1,3-butadiene is analyzed by applying the recently developed generalized product function energy partitioning (GPF-EP) scheme, which allows the calculation of the quantum mechanical interference contribution to the energy in a meaningful and intuitive fashion. The method is applied to investigate the breakage of the middle C-C bond, and the rotation along the torsional angle defined by the carbon atoms. A comparison between bonding in ethylene and butadiene is also performed. It is shown that bond delocalization plays no role in the properties of a conjugated molecule and that existing alternative explanations should be revisited.
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