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Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...

Role-Based Identity

Role-Based Identity

Role-based identities are central to understanding how individuals navigate social environments by adopting distinct self-conceptions aligned with various societal roles. These identities are not fixed traits but are constructed through personal actions and the social feedback individuals receive in context-specific interactions. Each social role, such as student, teacher, or friend, carries a set of expectations and norms that influence how people think, feel, and behave within that...

Self Within Cultural Contexts

Self Within Cultural Contexts

Cultural frameworks for understanding the self are often categorized into two broad orientations: individualism and collectivism. These paradigms influence how people define themselves, relate to others, and interpret their social worlds. Each orientation offers distinct perspectives on autonomy, responsibility, and the role of the individual within a community.Individualistic CulturesIn individualistic cultures like North America and Western Europe, identity is understood as autonomous and...

Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This period is...

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Exploring the personal tutor-student relationship: an autoethnographic approach.

L D Gardner¹, H Lane

¹School of Health Studies, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. l.d.gardner@swan.ac.uk

Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing

|June 10, 2010

Summary

This autoethnography explores the personal tutor/student relationship, highlighting its relevance to nurse and service-user interactions. The study suggests personal tutoring can be a valuable teaching technique in mental health nursing education.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Area of Science:

Education
Nursing
Sociology

Background:

Personal tutoring relationships offer unique insights into professional development.
The dynamic between tutor and student can extend beyond academic contexts.
Autoethnography provides a reflexive methodology for exploring interpersonal dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the multifaceted aspects of a personal tutor/student relationship.
To examine the wider relevance of these dynamics to nurse and service-user encounters.
To propose personal tutoring as a valuable teaching technique in mental health nurse education.

Main Methods:

Autoethnography was employed to narrate the personal tutor/student experience.
The narrative was analyzed using concepts such as boundaries, learning, supervision, and therapy.
The study draws parallels between the tutor/student relationship and nurse/service-user interactions.

Main Results:

The personal tutoring relationship evolved organically, leading to a co-authored autoethnography.
Key concepts like boundaries, learning, supervision, and therapy shaped the understanding of the relationship.
The explored dynamics demonstrated relevance to nurse and service-user encounters.

Conclusions:

Personal tutoring, when explored through autoethnography, offers a unique pedagogical approach.
The findings suggest that the principles of personal tutoring can enhance nurse education and improve service-user engagement.
This approach can foster deeper understanding and more effective therapeutic relationships in mental health nursing.