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13:26
Induction and Monitoring of Active Delayed Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) in Rats
Published on: July 19, 2007
Biphasic and delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
Pamela Hallquist Viale1, Deanna Sanchez Yamamoto
1Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology. p.viale@comcast.net
Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing
|June 10, 2010
Summary
Oncology nurses must recognize hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), including biphasic and delayed anaphylaxis, which can occur with cancer treatments like monoclonal antibodies. Understanding these reactions is crucial for patient safety and effective management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology Nursing
- Clinical Immunology
Background:
- Oncology nurses manage chemotherapy side effects, including severe hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs).
- Monoclonal antibodies pose a higher risk for HSRs compared to other agents.
- Anaphylaxis can present as uniphasic, biphasic, delayed, or protracted reactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the proposed pathophysiology of biphasic and delayed HSRs.
- To outline management strategies for anaphylaxis in oncology patients.
- To enhance oncology nurses' awareness of HSR risk and presentation differences.
Main Methods:
- Review of proposed pathophysiology for biphasic and delayed HSRs.
- Discussion of anaphylaxis management strategies.
- Inclusion of case reports illustrating patient presentations.
Main Results:
- Severe HSRs, though uncommon, can be dose-limiting.
- Biphasic anaphylaxis involves symptom resurgence after initial recovery (20% of cases).
- Delayed HSRs can occur after repeated infusions or days/weeks post-administration.
Conclusions:
- Oncology nurses require knowledge of HSRs, particularly biphasic and delayed anaphylaxis.
- Understanding varied presentations is key to timely and appropriate patient management.
- Awareness of HSR risks associated with specific treatments like monoclonal antibodies is vital.
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