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Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
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Efficacy markers in depression.

Catherine J Harmer1, Philip J Cowen, Guy M Goodwin

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK. catherine.harmer@psych.ox.ac.uk

Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
|June 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early changes in emotional processing may predict antidepressant drug efficacy and dosing. This could accelerate the development of novel depression treatments by identifying effective agents before clinical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Current antidepressant medications offer limited improvement over older drugs.
  • Developing new depression treatments is hindered by a lack of validated biomarkers to predict drug efficacy and dosage.
  • Biomarker models require sensitivity, specificity, and relevance to depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on whether early changes in emotional processing predict antidepressant drug efficacy.
  • To assess the suitability of emotional processing tasks as biomarkers for depression drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on antidepressant drug administration and emotional processing.
  • Analysis of emotional memory and attentional processing changes in response to various drugs.
  • Comparison of task responses with clinical trial outcomes for antidepressant agents.

Main Results:

  • Changes in emotional memory are relevant to depression and antidepressant action.
  • Attentional processing changes are sensitive to anxiolytic drugs.
  • Tasks showed predicted changes for effective agents, but not for failed ones.

Conclusions:

  • Early assessment of emotional processing may predict clinical effects and dosing of novel antidepressant drugs.
  • These models could improve go/no-go decisions in drug development.
  • Further validation is needed to confirm these effects as obligatory for effective depression treatment.