Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis.

The Chicago medical journal·2023
Same author

The effect of chemotherapy on health-related quality of life in mesothelioma: results from the SWAMP trial.

British journal of cancer·2015
Same author

The South West Area Mesothelioma and Pemetrexed trial: a multicentre prospective observational study evaluating novel markers of chemotherapy response and prognostication.

British journal of cancer·2015
Same author

Diffraction effects in grazing incidence x-ray telescopes.

Journal of X-ray science and technology·2011
Same author

Precision pointing and tracking through random media by exploitation of the enhanced backscatter phenomenon.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Field-of-view limitations of phased telescope arrays.

Applied optics·2010
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
05:57

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

Published on: April 1, 2020

Transfer function characterization of grazing incidence optical systems.

J E Harvey, E C Moran, W P Zmek

    Applied Optics
    |June 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    We derived a generalized transfer function for grazing incidence optics, accounting for fabrication errors. This enables precise image quality assessment and tolerance setting for ultraviolet and x-ray systems.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • X-ray Optics
    • Ultraviolet Optics

    Background:

    • Grazing incidence optics are crucial for ultraviolet and x-ray applications.
    • Characterizing image quality in these systems is complex due to fabrication errors.
    • Existing models often do not cover the full spatial frequency range.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive a generalized transfer function for grazing incidence optical systems.
    • To incorporate the impact of optical fabrication errors across all spatial frequencies.
    • To provide a framework for image quality analysis and tolerance derivation.

    Main Methods:

    • Application of Fourier techniques.
    • Utilizing linear systems theory.
    • Derivation of an analytic expression for the generalized transfer function.

    More Related Videos

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
    07:55

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
    05:57

    Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station

    Published on: April 1, 2020

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis
    07:55

    High-speed Continuous-wave Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Spectrometer for Material Analysis

    Published on: September 22, 2017

    Main Results:

    • An analytic expression for the generalized transfer function was obtained.
    • The transfer function accounts for fabrication errors across relevant spatial frequencies.
    • Fourier transform of the transfer function yields the point spread function.

    Conclusions:

    • The derived transfer function enables accurate image quality assessment (e.g., encircled energy).
    • This characterization facilitates parametric trade studies and sensitivity analyses.
    • Fabrication tolerances can be derived to meet specific image quality requirements.