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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An immobile...
Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis01:15

Unsymmetric Bending - Angle of Neutral Axis

Unsymmetrical bending occurs when a structural member is subjected to bending moments in a plane that does not align with the member's principal axes. This scenario typically arises in beams and other structural components when loads are applied at non-ideal angles, introducing complexities in stress analysis.
When a bending moment is applied at an angle θ concerning the vertical axis of a symmetrical member, it can be resolved into components along the member's principal centroidal axes. The...
Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
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Stress on an Oblique Plane01:16

Stress on an Oblique Plane

Understanding stress on an oblique plane under axial loading is pivotal in material mechanics. This analysis offers insight into a material's durability and strength, which is crucial for civil engineering and structural design. Axial loading refers to force application along the material's central axis, causing compression or elongation and leading to normal stress. Normal stress occurs when a force acts perpendicularly to the material's area, resulting in compressive or tensile stress. When...
Angle of Twist: Problem Solving01:13

Angle of Twist: Problem Solving

An electric motor applies a torque of 700 N·m to an aluminum shaft, triggering a stable rotation. Two pulleys, B and C, are subjected to torques of 300 N·m and 400 N·m, respectively. The modulus of rigidity is provided as 25 GPa. With the knowledge of the length and diameter of each segment, the twist angle between the two pulleys can be computed. First, a section cut is made between pulleys B and C, and the cut cross-section is analyzed using a free-body diagram. Given that the torque exerted...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

Assessment of shoulder function using the coronal plane angle.

N D Clement1, M Fuller, R C Colling

  • 1Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Sunderland Royal Hospital, SR4 7TP.

International Journal of Shoulder Surgery
|June 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The coronal plane angle offers a simple, objective measure for shoulder function assessment. This new method correlates well with existing shoulder scores, simplifying clinical evaluation.

Keywords:
Constant scoreOxford scoreShoulderassessmentcoronal plainobjective

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

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Published on: March 12, 2021

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Shoulder function assessment is crucial in clinical practice.
  • Current methods involve multiple subjective and objective components.
  • A novel single angular measurement, the coronal plane angle, is proposed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the coronal plane angle as a simplified measure of shoulder function.
  • To compare the coronal plane angle with established shoulder assessment tools.

Main Methods:

  • One hundred patients were prospectively enrolled.
  • Shoulder function was assessed using the Constant-Murley score and Oxford shoulder questionnaire.
  • The coronal plane angle was measured for both symptomatic and asymptomatic shoulders.

Main Results:

  • The mean coronal plane angle differed significantly between symptomatic (+11.3 degrees) and asymptomatic (-1.5 degrees) shoulders (P <= 0.01).
  • Strong correlations were found between the coronal plane angle and both the Constant-Murley (r=0.9) and Oxford shoulder scores (r=0.84).
  • Nine patients were excluded due to apprehension or inability to reach their head.

Conclusions:

  • The coronal plane angle is a single, objective assessment tool.
  • It offers a simple alternative for shoulder assessment in most patients.
  • This measurement may streamline clinical evaluation of shoulder function.