Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children and anaesthesia

A Rudra1, Manjushree Ray, S Sengupta

  • 1Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata, India.

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
|June 10, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common childhood breathing disorder causing airway obstruction during sleep. Effective anesthetic management in pediatric OSAS focuses on airway control, monitoring, and intervention to improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Disorders

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent condition in adults, with increasing recognition in children.
  • It involves upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to chronic hypoxemia and potential cardiac, pulmonary, and CNS complications.
  • Anatomical and neuromuscular factors are primary contributors to pediatric OSAS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical aspects of anesthetic management for pediatric patients diagnosed with OSAS.
  • To emphasize the importance of airway management, monitoring, and timely intervention in this patient population.
  • To underscore the significance of addressing coexisting conditions and employing safe perioperative analgesia.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on comprehensive history, clinical evaluation, and sleep studies, notably polysomnography.
  • The primary treatment for pediatric OSAS is adenotonsillectomy.
  • Anesthetic practice emphasizes meticulous airway management, vigilant monitoring for airway compromise, and prompt intervention.

Main Results:

  • Effective airway management is central to successful anesthesia in pediatric OSAS.
  • Early detection and intervention for airway issues are crucial.
  • Addressing comorbidities and utilizing safe analgesia contribute to better surgical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal anesthetic care for pediatric OSAS hinges on proactive airway management and vigilant monitoring.
  • Adenotonsillectomy remains the cornerstone of treatment.
  • Comprehensive perioperative care, including managing comorbidities and analgesia, is vital for improving outcomes.

Keywords:
AnaesthesiaOSASchildren

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.