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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

Abnormal Proliferation

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

Published on: May 16, 2012

MicroRNAs and prostate cancer.

Yingxin Pang¹, Charles Y F Young, Huiqing Yuan

¹Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica

|June 12, 2010

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are linked to prostate cancer (PCa) development. This review details specific miRNAs involved in PCa pathogenesis and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Oncology

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
Aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in the development, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa).
Mechanisms for altered miRNA expression involve gene changes, epigenetic modifications, and Dicer abundance variations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanisms of known miRNAs in prostate cancer.
To summarize recent findings on oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs in PCa.
To discuss the clinical potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCa.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on miRNA expression and function in prostate cancer.

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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

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Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

Published on: May 16, 2012

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

Analysis of experimental evidence linking specific miRNAs to PCa pathogenesis.

Synthesis of information on clinical applications of miRNAs in PCa.

Main Results:

Numerous miRNAs show altered expression in PCa, with a subset experimentally validated for pathogenic roles.
Specific oncogenic miRNAs (e.g., miR-221/-222, miR-21, miR-125b) and tumor suppressor miRNAs (e.g., miR-101, miR-200 family) are highlighted.
MiRNAs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents for PCa.

Conclusions:

Understanding miRNA mechanisms is crucial for PCa research.
Targeting specific miRNAs offers potential for novel PCa diagnostics and therapeutics.
Further research is needed to fully translate miRNA potential into clinical practice for PCa.