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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Functional Imaging of Brown Fat in Mice with 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT
10:53

Functional Imaging of Brown Fat in Mice with 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT

Published on: November 23, 2012

Non FDG PET.

C Nanni1, L Fantini, S Nicolini

  • 1Nuclear Medicine Unit, Policlinico S.Orsola, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. cristina.nanni@aosp.bo.it

Clinical Radiology
|June 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Positron emission tomography (PET) relies heavily on 2- [ (18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). New PET tracers are crucial for conditions where FDG uptake is limited, enabling broader diagnostic capabilities.

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Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)

Published on: May 2, 2012

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
10:02

Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)

Published on: May 2, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear medicine
  • Radiopharmaceutical chemistry
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • 2- [ (18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) is the primary radiotracer for clinical positron emission tomography (PET).
  • FDG limitations exist in certain oncological, cardiological, and neurological conditions due to high physiological uptake or lack of abnormal tissue concentration.
  • Development of alternative PET tracers is essential to overcome FDG's limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established and emerging PET tracers beyond FDG.
  • To highlight tracers used in specific clinical applications such as prostate cancer, brain tumors, and neuroendocrine tumors.
  • To discuss the development of novel tracers targeting biological processes beyond glucose metabolism for improved response assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practice and literature on PET tracers.
  • Categorization of tracers based on their chemical composition and clinical application.
  • Discussion of the rationale for developing new tracers targeting angiogenesis, hypoxia, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • Several alternative PET tracers are in routine clinical use, including (11)C-choline, (18)F-choline, (1)C-methionine, (18)F-DOPA, (68)Ga-DOTANOC, (11)C-acetate, and (18)F-FLT.
  • (11)C-choline and (18)F-choline are primarily used for prostate cancer evaluation.
  • (18)F-DOPA is utilized for neuroendocrine tumors and movement disorders, while (68)Ga-DOTANOC is used for neuroendocrine tumors.
  • (1)C-methionine is employed for brain tumors, and (11)C-acetate for prostate cancer and hepatic masses.
  • (18)F-FLT is indicated for various malignant tumors.
  • New tracers are being developed to investigate tumor-specific biological processes like angiogenesis, hypoxia, and apoptosis, aiding in response assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative PET tracers significantly expand the diagnostic utility of PET imaging beyond FDG.
  • Specific tracers like choline, methionine, DOPA, and DOTANOC have established roles in diagnosing and monitoring various cancers and neurological disorders.
  • The ongoing development of novel PET tracers targeting diverse biological pathways promises to enhance the precision and effectiveness of cancer management and other conditions.