Cardiovascular disease and bone

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Bone Metabolism

Background:

• Osteoporosis-related fractures and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are prevalent in aging populations.
• These conditions, including coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, significantly impact morbidity and mortality.
• Emerging evidence suggests a significant association between osteoporosis and ASCVD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the interconnectedness of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases.
• To identify shared pathophysiological pathways linking bone health and vascular health.
• To consolidate evidence on the association between fracture risk and cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of epidemiological studies.
• Analysis of clinical trial data.
• Examination of molecular and cellular mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Consistent epidemiological data demonstrate a correlation between low bone mineral density and increased risk of cardiovascular events.
• Shared risk factors such as aging, inflammation, and genetic predispositions contribute to both conditions.
• Common molecular pathways involving matrix Gla protein, vitamin K metabolism, and oxidative stress are implicated.

Conclusions:

• Osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases are not isolated conditions but are interconnected, particularly in the elderly.
• Understanding shared pathophysiological mechanisms can lead to novel therapeutic strategies targeting both bone and vascular health.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex interplay and develop integrated prevention and treatment approaches.