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MRI safety: nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and other risks
Andrew J Gauden1, Pramit M Phal, Katharine J Drummond
1Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia. andrew.gauden@gmail.com
Summary
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is generally safe but carries risks. Patients with kidney problems should avoid gadolinium contrast due to the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Neurosurgery
- Nephrology
Background:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a vital diagnostic tool for neurological and neurosurgical conditions.
- While MRI is largely safe, specific risks require careful consideration.
- Gadolinium-based contrast agents are frequently used in MRI procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight critical safety considerations associated with MRI.
- To inform clinicians about the risks of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with renal impairment.
- To discuss contraindications for MRI and its use during pregnancy.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on MRI safety.
- Analysis of reported cases of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
- Examination of guidelines regarding MRI in pregnancy and with implanted devices.
Main Results:
- Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare but serious condition linked to gadolinium contrast in patients with severe kidney disease.
- Effective treatments for NSF are lacking, emphasizing contrast avoidance.
- Certain medical devices are contraindicated for MRI, and its use in pregnancy requires careful risk-benefit assessment.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare providers must be aware of MRI-related risks, particularly NSF in renally impaired patients.
- Strict adherence to safety protocols, including contrast agent selection and device compatibility checks, is crucial.
- Further research into NSF pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.
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