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Related Concept Videos

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Mouse Model for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Based on Needle-guided Asymmetric Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis
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PET in Cerebrovascular Disease.

William J Powers, Allyson R Zazulia

    PET Clinics
    |June 15, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Positron Emission Tomography (PET) accurately measures brain blood flow and metabolism. This review details PET

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Medical Imaging
    • Cerebrovascular Medicine

    Background:

    • Understanding the relationship between cerebral circulation and brain cellular function is crucial for stroke pathophysiology and treatment.
    • Current limitations in measuring in vivo regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism in humans exist.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review normal human cerebral blood flow and metabolism.
    • To discuss human Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies in various cerebrovascular diseases.
    • To highlight PET's contribution to understanding cerebrovascular disease pathophysiology.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on human PET studies.
    • Focus on quantitative in vivo regional measurements of cerebral circulation and cellular metabolism.

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    Published on: May 24, 2021

    Intravascular Perfusion of Carbon Black Ink Allows Reliable Visualization of Cerebral Vessels
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    Published on: November 22, 2024

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    Published on: January 4, 2013

  • Analysis of PET data in normal subjects and patients with stroke, carotid artery disease, vascular dementia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

    • Main Results:

    • PET provides accurate, quantitative in vivo regional measurements of cerebral circulation and metabolism.
    • PET studies have elucidated the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease, vascular dementia, intracerebral hemorrhage, and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • PET enhances understanding of human cerebrovascular disease.

    Conclusions:

    • PET is the only current technique for accurate, quantitative in vivo regional measurement of human cerebral circulation and metabolism.
    • PET imaging plays a vital role in advancing the understanding and potential treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.