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Autophagy

Autophagy

Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

Autophagic Cell Death

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

[Research progress on autophagy in hematopoietic malignancies].

Yin Tong¹, Lu Li, Hui Liu

¹The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical Sciences

|June 15, 2010

Summary

Autophagy, a cellular degradation process, is vital for cell homeostasis but can also cause cell death. Targeting the autophagy pathway presents a promising new strategy for cancer treatment.

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Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice

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Evaluating Autophagy Levels in Two Different Pancreatic Cell Models Using LC3 Immunofluorescence

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Assessing Autophagic Flux by Measuring LC3, p62, and LAMP1 Co-localization Using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: July 21, 2017

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice

Activating Autophagy by Aerobic Exercise in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2017

Evaluating Autophagy Levels in Two Different Pancreatic Cell Models Using LC3 Immunofluorescence

Evaluating Autophagy Levels in Two Different Pancreatic Cell Models Using LC3 Immunofluorescence

Published on: April 28, 2023

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Context:

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process responsible for degrading damaged proteins and organelles.
It plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and normal physiological functions.
Dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in various diseases, including cancer.

Purpose:

To explore the dual role of autophagy in cellular processes.
To investigate the significance of autophagy in normal tissue development.
To examine the involvement of autophagy in the pathogenesis of cancer.

Summary:

Autophagy mediates the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components.
While essential for cell homeostasis, autophagy can also trigger programmed cell death (autophagic cell death).
Emerging evidence highlights autophagy's critical involvement in both normal development and disease states, particularly cancer.

Impact:

Understanding autophagy's role provides insights into cellular catabolism and homeostasis.
The study suggests that modulating the autophagy pathway could offer novel therapeutic avenues for cancer treatment.
Targeting autophagy represents a potential new frontier in oncology drug development.