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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb
06:50

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy: Getting the Capillary Refill Test Under One's Thumb

Published on: December 2, 2017

[Development of a portable SOM detector based on NIR diffuse reflection].

Min-Zan Li1, Luan Pan, Li-Hua Zheng

  • 1Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research of the Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. limz@cau.edu.cn

Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new portable detector accurately measures soil organic matter (SOM) using near-infrared reflectance. Calibration showed high accuracy, but soil moisture affects results, requiring real-time correction for precise soil analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Engineering
  • Soil Science
  • Spectroscopy

Context:

  • Soil organic matter (SOM) is crucial for soil health and fertility.
  • Accurate and rapid SOM assessment is vital for sustainable agriculture.
  • Existing methods for SOM analysis can be time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Purpose:

  • To develop and validate a portable near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance detector for quantifying soil organic matter.
  • To assess the accuracy and practicality of the developed detector across various soil types.
  • To investigate the influence of soil moisture on the detector's performance.

Summary:

  • A portable detector utilizing an 850 nm NIR LED and a microprocessor (89S52) was engineered for soil organic matter (SOM) detection.
  • The system converts NIR diffuse reflectance into electrical signals, processes them using the MCU, and displays/stores the SOM content via LCD and USB.
  • Calibration experiments demonstrated high correlation coefficients (R² up to 0.982 for dried samples), confirming the detector's practicality.

Impact:

  • Provides a practical, portable solution for rapid on-site soil organic matter assessment.
  • Highlights the need for soil moisture correction to enhance measurement accuracy.
  • Facilitates improved soil management practices and precision agriculture through real-time data acquisition.