Altered sensorimotor responses to esophageal acidification in older adults with GERD

This study aimed to compare the effect of intraluminal acidification on esophageal sensory perception and motor activity between older and younger patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

All 40 subjects had saline and hydrochloric acid infused into the mid-esophagus. The esophageal perception to acid infusion was documented including lag time, intensity rating, and sensitivity score. Esophageal body motility was recorded.

The younger group had a shorter lag time to initial heartburn perception (p = 0.01) and a greater sensory intensity rating (p = 0.001). The acid infusion sensitivity score was lower in the older patients (p = 0.001). Age positively correlated to lag time to initial symptom perception (r = 0.44, p = 0.005), but negatively correlated to sensory intensity (r = -0.40, p = 0.01) and acid infusion sensitivity score (r = -0.39, p = 0.01). When compared with saline infusion, acid infusion induced a significant increase in the deglutition frequency in younger patients (0.51 vs. 0.67, p = 0.005), but not in older patients (0.59 vs. 0.65, p = 0.67).

Age-related decrease in sensorimotor response to esophageal acidification may be an important element in the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of GERD in older adults.