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Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

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Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
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Predator control promotes invasive dominated ecological states.

Arian D Wallach1, Christopher N Johnson, Euan G Ritchie

  • 1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia. arian.wallach@bigpond.com

Ecology Letters
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Apex predator suppression, like dingo control in Australia, can lead to invasive species dominance. Reinstating top predators restores ecosystem resilience and biodiversity.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Wildlife Management

Background:

  • Invasive species are a major driver of global extinctions.
  • Current control methods for invasives have limited success.
  • Ecosystem resilience may be linked to apex predator presence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if invasive species dominance results from reduced ecosystem resilience due to apex predator suppression.
  • To examine the role of dingo (Canis lupus dingo) suppression in Australia's high mammalian extinction rates and invasive species issues.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the relationship between predator management (specifically dingo control) and ecosystem state shifts.
  • Analyzed how lethal control impacts dingo social structure and subsequent effects on mesopredators and herbivores.
  • Compared ecosystem states in areas with intensive dingo control versus areas where control was relaxed.

Main Results:

  • Predator management practices directly influence shifts between ecosystem states.
  • Lethal dingo control disrupts social structures, leading to increased invasive mesopredators and herbivores (bottom-up effects).
  • Relaxed control allows dingoes to re-establish top-down regulation, improving biodiversity and productivity.

Conclusions:

  • Loss of apex predators like dingoes diminishes ecosystem resilience, facilitating invasive species dominance.
  • Dingo suppression through lethal control exacerbates invasive species problems.
  • Reinstating dingo populations can restore ecosystem health, biodiversity, and productivity through top-down regulation.