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Updated: Jun 12, 2026
10:00
High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
Published on: March 24, 2015
lambda-Interferons and the single nucleotide polymorphisms: A milestone to tailor-made therapy for chronic hepatitis
Yasuhito Tanaka1, Nao Nishida, Masaya Sugiyama
1Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya.
Summary
Type III interferons (IFN-lambda) possess antiviral properties similar to Type I IFNs but target specific cells. Genome-wide association studies reveal genetic variations near the IL-28B gene influencing hepatitis C treatment response.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Genetics
Background:
- Type III interferons (IFN-lambda) exhibit antiviral activities comparable to Type I IFNs.
- Cellular response to IFN-lambda is restricted to a subset of cells, unlike Type I IFNs.
- The clinical significance and specific roles of individual IFN-lambda subtypes remain largely unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review insights from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) regarding IFN-lambda.
- To summarize current knowledge on the in vitro and in vivo roles of IFN-lambda in antiviral effects.
- To explore the association between genetic variations near the IL-28B gene and treatment response in chronic hepatitis C.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
- Summary of in vitro studies on IFN-lambda signaling and function.
- Summary of in vivo studies investigating the role of IFN-lambda in antiviral responses.
Main Results:
- GWAS identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites near the IL-28B gene strongly associated with treatment response in chronic hepatitis C patients receiving pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV).
- IFN-lambda shares signaling pathways with IFN-alpha/beta but utilizes distinct receptors.
- Most cells express both Type I and Type III IFNs upon stimulation, but only specific cells respond to IFN-lambda.
Conclusions:
- Genetic variations near the IL-28B gene represent a significant factor in predicting treatment outcomes for chronic hepatitis C.
- Further research into IFN-lambda's specific roles and clinical significance is warranted.
- GWAS approach provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of IFN-lambda-mediated immune responses and therapeutic efficacy.
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