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Related Concept Videos

Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Learning Disabilities01:25

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome
08:31

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

A new selective developmental deficit: Impaired object recognition with normal face recognition.

Laura Germine1, Nathan Cashdollar, Emrah Düzel

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. lgermine@fas.harvard.edu

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Individuals can have impaired object recognition but normal face recognition, demonstrating category-specific visual processing. This finding suggests face recognition development is independent of general object recognition abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Developmental prosopagnosia (face recognition deficits) is documented, but the opposite (object recognition deficits with normal face recognition) has not been reported.
  • The existence of such a case would imply face recognition development is independent of object recognition development.

Observation:

  • A screening process identified a 19-year-old female (AW) with impaired object recognition but normal face recognition.
  • AW exhibited deficits in within-class visual recognition memory across multiple object categories.

Findings:

  • AW showed selective impairment in visual recognition memory for non-face objects, not face recognition.
  • Her performance was normal on face recognition tests, memory for specific object categories (houses, glasses), and visual shape recall.
  • Testing ruled out general deficits in perception, basic recognition, or memory.

Implications:

  • This case provides the first neuropsychological evidence for selective impairment in non-face object recognition memory without brain damage.
  • The findings support category-specific dissociations in visual recognition.
  • Development of face recognition memory does not rely on intact object recognition memory.