Simplified method of calculating power transfer between nonparallel dielectric waveguides.

Area of Science:

• Photonics and Waveguide Technology
• Optical Engineering
• Materials Science (Titanium-Indium-Niobate)

Background:

• Directional couplers are fundamental optical components.
• Accurate modeling of power transfer is crucial for device design.
• Nonparallel waveguide regions present a challenge in existing models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a simplified calculation method for power transfer in nonparallel waveguide directional couplers.
• To validate the proposed method through experimental measurements.
• To enhance the design and predictability of optical directional couplers.

Main Methods:

• Development of a simplified analytical model for power transfer.
• Fabrication of several titanium-indium-niobate (Ti:LiNbO3) directional coupler devices.
• Experimental measurement of power transfer in fabricated devices.

Main Results:

• The simplified method provides accurate calculations for power transfer.
• Measured power transfer values closely match theoretical predictions.
• The method is effective for various Ti:LiNbO3 directional coupler geometries.

Conclusions:

• The presented simplified method offers an efficient way to calculate power transfer in nonparallel waveguide directional couplers.
• Experimental validation confirms the accuracy and applicability of the method.
• This work contributes to improved design and performance analysis of optical directional couplers.