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Inflammation, genetic background and longevity.

Giuseppina Candore1, Calogero Caruso, Giuseppina Colonna-Romano

  • 1Immunopathology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy.

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|June 16, 2010
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging is linked to chronic inflammation, known as inflamm-aging, which increases disease risk. However, centenarians show a complex inflammatory profile, suggesting genetic and environmental factors influence healthy longevity.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aging is an intrinsic process reducing homeostasis and increasing frailty.
  • The aging phenotype is partly explained by inflamm-aging, a chronic pro-inflammatory state linked to immunosenescence.
  • Inflamm-aging contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of inflamm-aging and genetic factors in extreme longevity.
  • To explore the relationship between pro-inflammatory genotypes and age-related diseases in centenarians.

Main Methods:

  • Case control studies on Italian centenarians.
  • Analysis of inflammatory mediators and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
  • Genotype analysis for associations with longevity and age-related diseases.

Main Results:

  • Centenarians exhibit a complex inflammatory profile with both increased inflammatory mediators and high anti-inflammatory cytokines.
  • A pro-inflammatory genotype appears unfavorable for reaching extreme longevity in good health.
  • Pro-inflammatory genotypes are associated with increased risk of age-related diseases like cardiovascular and Alzheimer's diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Inflamm-aging and immunosenescence are key factors in age-related morbidity and mortality.
  • Genetic predisposition, particularly pro-inflammatory genotypes, influences the ability to achieve healthy longevity.
  • Aging and longevity are complex traits influenced by gene-environment-chance interactions.