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Related Concept Videos

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
Self-Presentation01:25

Self-Presentation

Self-presentation is a fundamental aspect of social interaction, shaping both how others perceive individuals and how they view themselves. This dynamic process influences behaviors in various social settings, often leading people to adjust their appearance, speech, and demeanor to align with their desired identity. While self-presentation can be deliberate or unconscious, it plays a critical role in interpersonal relationships and self-perception.Forms of Self-PresentationSelf-presentation can...
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning

Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack
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Implementation of a Real-Time Psychosis Risk Detection and Alerting System Based on Electronic Health Records using CogStack

Published on: May 15, 2020

Presenteeism: a public health hazard.

Eric Widera1, Anna Chang, Helen L Chen

  • 1Division of Geriatrics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. Eric.Widera@ucsf.edu

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Presenteeism, working while ill, contributed to a viral gastroenteritis outbreak in a long-term care facility. Policies are needed to reduce this risk in healthcare settings.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Occupational Health
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Presenteeism, defined as working while ill, poses risks in healthcare due to vulnerable patient populations.
  • The phenomenon is well-documented in business and social sciences but less so in healthcare settings.
  • Infectious disease transmission is a significant concern when healthcare workers exhibit presenteeism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of presenteeism in a viral gastroenteritis outbreak within a long-term care facility.
  • To highlight the hazards of presenteeism in healthcare environments.
  • To propose policy changes to mitigate presenteeism in healthcare organizations.

Main Methods:

  • Case study analysis of a viral gastroenteritis outbreak in a long-term care facility.

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  • Review of existing literature on presenteeism in healthcare.
  • Discussion of factors influencing presenteeism decisions.

    • Main Results:

    • Presenteeism was identified as a contributing factor to the transmission and extension of the viral gastroenteritis outbreak.
    • The study underscores the significant risks associated with healthcare workers working while ill.
    • Factors influencing the decision to work while sick were explored.

    Conclusions:

    • Presenteeism significantly impacts infectious disease outbreaks in healthcare settings, particularly long-term care facilities.
    • Implementing policies to reduce presenteeism is crucial for patient safety and infection control.
    • Addressing the root causes of presenteeism can improve healthcare worker well-being and reduce disease transmission.