[Surgical therapy for adrenal tumours]

Area of Science:

• Surgical Oncology
• Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background:

• Adrenal tumor surgery offers multiple access options, including endoscopic and open techniques.
• The choice of surgical approach is influenced by tumor size, patient BMI, prior surgeries, and surgeon experience.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the decision-making process for selecting the optimal surgical approach for adrenal tumors.
• To compare the efficacy and indications for different surgical techniques in adrenal tumor resection.

Main Methods:

• Review of available surgical approaches for adrenal tumors: lateral laparoscopic, dorsal retroperitoneoscopic, and conventional open surgery.
• Analysis of factors influencing surgical approach selection, including tumor size, suspected malignancy, and patient characteristics.

Main Results:

• Lateral laparoscopic and dorsal retroperitoneoscopic approaches are currently most common.
• Conventional surgery is preferred for suspected malignancy, especially tumors >6 cm.
• Laparoscopic resection is feasible for tumors up to 10 cm without invasive growth or metastases.
• Laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic approaches are equivalent for benign tumors ≤6 cm.

Conclusions:

• The optimal surgical approach for adrenal tumors requires careful consideration of tumor size, patient factors, and surgeon familiarity.
• Both minimally invasive and conventional techniques have specific indications, ensuring patient safety and optimal outcomes.