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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.Composition of the Extracellular MatrixThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse molecules.
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
09:40

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Published on: January 4, 2017

[Extracellular matrix and atherosclerosis].

Ke-Yong Wang1, Akihide Tanimoto, Yasuyuki Sasaguri

  • 1Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.

Journal of UOEH
|June 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Smooth muscle cells produce extracellular matrixes (ECMs) in arteries. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade ECMs and are linked to atherosclerosis development.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
09:40

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

Published on: January 4, 2017

Production of Cardiac Extracellular Matrix from Adult Human Fibroblasts for Culture Dish Coating
06:47

Production of Cardiac Extracellular Matrix from Adult Human Fibroblasts for Culture Dish Coating

Published on: March 22, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Extracellular matrixes (ECMs) are crucial structural components of arterial walls.
  • Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are primary producers of ECMs in both healthy and diseased arteries.
  • Atherosclerotic lesions exhibit significant alterations in ECM composition, with increased expression of specific collagens and elastin.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their role in atherosclerosis.
  • To highlight the relationship between MMPs, ECM components, and the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
  • To summarize the expression patterns of MMPs produced by SMCs and macrophages in the arterial wall.

Summary:

  • Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) synthesize various extracellular matrixes (ECMs), including collagens (types I, III, IV, V, VIII) and elastin, which are notably upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions.
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of enzymes, are central to the degradation of ECM components.
  • The expression of specific MMPs (MMP-1, -2, -3, -7, -9, -12) by SMCs and macrophages is elevated in atherosclerotic lesions, implicating them in disease pathogenesis.

Impact:

  • This review provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis, focusing on ECM remodeling.
  • Understanding the interplay between MMPs and ECMs can identify novel therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
  • The findings contribute to the broader knowledge of vascular biology and matrix dynamics in disease states.