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Nectar-seeking and host-seeking by Larra bicolor (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), a parasitoid of Scapteriscus mole

S L Portman1, J H Frank, R McSorley

  • 1Department of Biology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Environmental Entomology
|June 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Larra bicolor wasps, crucial for controlling mole crickets, prefer the non-native Spermacoce verticillata plant for nectar. Planting this reliable nectar source strategically can help manage pest mole cricket populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Biological Pest Control
  • Plant-Insect Interactions

Background:

  • Larra bicolor is a key parasitoid of Scapteriscus mole crickets.
  • Adult L. bicolor wasps require plant nectar for energy.
  • Understanding L. bicolor's nectar preferences is vital for effective biological control of mole crickets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify preferred nectar sources for adult Larra bicolor wasps.
  • To assess the impact of nectar availability on parasitoid activity and host density.
  • To inform strategies for utilizing L. bicolor in mole cricket management.

Main Methods:

  • Field trials were conducted in northern Florida pastures to observe wasp feeding behavior.
  • Nectar preferences were recorded for L. bicolor on native and non-native plant species.
  • Parasitism rates of mole crickets were correlated with proximity to Spermacoce verticillata plots.

Main Results:

  • Larra bicolor wasps showed a strong preference for Spermacoce verticillata nectar over native plant nectars.
  • Spermacoce verticillata provides a more consistent and prolonged nectar source in Florida compared to native alternatives.
  • Parasitism rates declined with distance from S. verticillata, indicating wasps forage up to 200m.

Conclusions:

  • Spermacoce verticillata is a highly valuable nectar resource for the mole cricket parasitoid Larra bicolor.
  • Strategic planting of S. verticillata can enhance parasitoid efficacy in controlling mole cricket populations.
  • Optimal management may involve planting S. verticillata plots at least 400m apart to maximize host-foraging range.