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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events, are a...
Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...
Repressed Memory01:16

Repressed Memory

Repressed memories are a psychological phenomenon where memories of traumatic events are unconsciously blocked from a person's awareness. This process occurs as a defense mechanism, protecting the mind from the emotional impact of distressing or painful experiences. For example, a person who has experienced childhood trauma may grow up with no conscious recollection of the event. In such cases, the memories are thought to be buried deep within the subconscious, inaccessible to the conscious...
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle01:27

Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle

Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...

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Polar Histogram Visualization of Acute Stress Disorder Scale Scores for Comprehensive Clinical Assessment
08:25

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Posttraumatic stress without trauma in children.

William E Copeland1, Gordon Keeler, Adrian Angold

  • 1Center for Developmental Epidemiology, Duke University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Box 3454, Durham, NC 27710, USA. william.copeland@duke.edu

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|June 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Even mild stressors can cause posttraumatic stress symptoms in children. While extreme stressors pose a greater risk, less severe events account for a significant number of cases, highlighting the need for broader recognition of trauma impacts.

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Published on: July 1, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies
  • Psychological Stress Research

Background:

  • The impact of low-magnitude stressors on children's mental health is not well understood.
  • Current diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) focus on extreme stressor events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and impact of posttraumatic stress symptoms in children following low-magnitude stressors.
  • To compare the effects of low-magnitude versus extreme stressors on pediatric mental health.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study followed 1,420 children from ages 9-16.
  • Assessed low-magnitude and extreme stressors and posttraumatic stress symptoms using the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment.
  • Utilized two measures for posttraumatic stress symptoms: subclinical PTSD and painful recall only.

Main Results:

  • Low-magnitude stressors were four times more common than extreme stressors.
  • Low-magnitude stressors accounted for two-thirds of painful recall cases and half of subclinical PTSD cases.
  • Exposure to low-magnitude stressors predicted symptoms even in children without prior extreme stressor exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Extreme stressors present a higher risk for pediatric posttraumatic stress symptoms.
  • A substantial number of children develop posttraumatic stress symptoms after experiencing only low-magnitude stressors.