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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction01:29

Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction

Definition Diabetes insipidus is a disorder marked by the production of large amounts of dilute urine because of impaired vasopressin production, release, or kidney response. The lack of effective vasopressin action limits water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts, which leads to excessive urinary water loss and intense thirst.Clinical PresentationIndividuals with diabetes insipidus report persistent thirst and very high urine output. In severe cases, fluid intake can reach up to 20...
Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology

Normally, water balance is maintained through three interconnected mechanisms: the hypothalamic thirst center, the synthesis and release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin), and the kidneys' responsiveness to this hormone. ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus, released from the posterior pituitary, and acts on the distal nephron, allowing water reabsorption and concentrated urine production.Diabetes Insipidus and Its TypesIn diabetes insipidus (DI), this regulatory system is...
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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Unrenewable Cells

In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
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Efficient Derivation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Stem Cells
07:07

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Published on: March 8, 2015

Incontinentia pigmenti.

Mohammad Hosein Kalantar Motamedi1, Ali Lotfi, Taghi Azizi

  • 1Department of Pathology, Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, and Attending Surgeon, Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|June 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare genetic disorder affecting females, linked to the NEMO gene. This report highlights the early diagnosis of IP in a teenage girl, contributing to medical knowledge.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Incontinentia pigmenti (IP), also known as Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome, is a rare X-linked dominant genodermatosis.
  • It is associated with mutations in the NF kappa B essential modulator (NEMO) gene.
  • IP affects multiple systems, including skin, skeleton, nervous system, eyes, and teeth, and increases cancer risk.

Observation:

  • This study presents a case of IP in a 14-year-old female patient.
  • The case emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis in managing the condition.
  • The report adds to the existing body of literature on Incontinentia pigmenti.

Findings:

  • The case underscores the diverse clinical manifestations of IP.
  • Early identification facilitated timely intervention and management strategies.
  • The report contributes valuable clinical data to the understanding of IP.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis of IP is crucial for comprehensive patient management.
  • Understanding IP's genetic basis aids in genetic counseling and family planning.
  • Further research can improve therapeutic approaches for IP patients.