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RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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Methods for HPV detection in exfoliated cell and tissue specimens.

Peter J F Snijders1, Daniëlle A M Heideman, Chris J L M Meijer

  • 1Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pjf.snijders@vumc.nl <pjf.snijders@vumc.nl>

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|June 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causally linked to several cancers. This review details HPV detection assays, focusing on nucleic acid-based methods for clinical applications like cervical cancer screening.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are causally implicated in cervical cancer and other anogenital and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.
  • The development and application of HPV detection assays are critical for managing these HPV-driven cancers.
  • Current HPV detection methods primarily rely on identifying viral nucleic acids, predominantly viral DNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles behind various HPV detection methodologies.
  • To provide examples of commonly used HPV detection assays.
  • To discuss the application of HPV assays in identifying clinically significant HPV infections, particularly for cervical cancer screening.

Main Methods:

  • The review categorizes HPV detection methods into target amplification and signal amplification techniques.
  • It explains the underlying principles of these diverse methodologies.
  • Examples of widely utilized HPV detection assays are presented.

Main Results:

  • The review elucidates the mechanisms of both target and signal amplification methods for HPV detection.
  • It highlights the practical application of these assays in clinical settings.
  • The importance of clinical validation for HPV tests used in screening is emphasized.

Conclusions:

  • HPV detection assays, mainly based on nucleic acid detection, are essential tools in oncology.
  • Understanding different methodologies and their clinical validation is crucial for effective cancer screening and management.
  • These assays play a vital role in identifying HPV infections associated with precancerous lesions and cancer.