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Related Concept Videos

Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:

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Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
14:37

Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: November 1, 2017

Hematopoietic differentiation: a coordinated dynamical process towards attractor stable states.

Nadia Felli1, Luciano Cianetti, Elvira Pelosi

  • 1Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.

BMC Systems Biology
|June 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell differentiation involves dynamic gene and microRNA expression trajectories. This study reveals coordinated transcriptome and miRNome behavior, suggesting microRNAs fine-tune the cell differentiation process towards a stable state.

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Area of Science:

  • * Developmental Biology
  • * Molecular Biology
  • * Systems Biology

Background:

  • * Cell differentiation is viewed as a trajectory towards a dynamical system attractor.
  • * Analyzing transcriptome and miRNome dynamics offers a novel perspective beyond 'master genes'.
  • * Investigated differentiation trajectories within the hematopoietic system on a genome-wide scale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To explore the genome-wide differentiation trajectories of hematopoietic progenitor cells.
  • * To analyze the dynamics of transcriptome and miRNome during cell differentiation.
  • * To understand the role of microRNAs in regulating cell fate.

Main Methods:

  • * Developed serum-free liquid suspension unilineage cultures of cord blood (CB) CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells.
  • * Established cultures for erythroid (E), megakaryocytic (MK), granulocytic (G), and monocytic (Mo) differentiation pathways.
  • * Analyzed gene and microRNA expression profiles at sequential stages of differentiation and maturation.

Main Results:

  • * Observed coordinated, interconnected, and scalable cell population behavior in both transcriptome and miRNome spaces.
  • * Characterized dynamics reminiscent of attractor-like behavior during hematopoietic differentiation.
  • * Identified differences between transcriptome and miRNome spaces, suggesting microRNAs are not yet terminally committed.

Conclusions:

  • * The transcriptome represents the cell population's state space, while the evolving miRNome acts as a tuning system.
  • * MicroRNA machinery plays a crucial role in guiding cells to the attractor state.
  • * Understanding miRNA behavior may have implications for reversing differentiation and cancer biology.