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Familial prevalence of celiac disease

Babu Ram Thapa1, Pawan Rawal, Bharat Sapra

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India. brthapa1@yahoo.co.in

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|June 18, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Family members of celiac disease (CD) patients have a high prevalence of CD antibodies. Early serological screening of relatives is crucial for timely diagnosis and preventing complications in celiac disease.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) diagnosis can be delayed, leading to complications.
  • Family members of diagnosed individuals are at higher risk.
  • Serological screening offers early detection potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in family members of index cases.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of serological screening in this high-risk group.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 50 children with diagnosed CD.
  • Serological screening of 164 family members using IgG anti-gliadin (AGA), endomysial antibody, tissue transglutaminase, and IgA AGA.
  • Endoscopic duodenal biopsy for histopathological examination in seropositive individuals.

Main Results:

  • Antibody positivity rates varied: IgG AGA (32.9%), endomysial antibody (20.7%), tissue transglutaminase (19.5%), and IgA AGA (14.6%).
  • Only eight family members showed characteristic endoscopic findings for CD.
  • Significant serological positivity suggests a high prevalence of undiagnosed CD.

Conclusions:

  • Family members of celiac disease patients are a potential reservoir for undiagnosed cases.
  • Early serological screening is vital for identifying at-risk individuals.
  • Further investigation is warranted for seropositive family members.
Abstract

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