Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law01:09

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law

The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between absorbance and concentration, which combines the principles established by scientists Johann Heinrich Lambert and August Beer. Lambert's law states that when light passes through a medium, the loss in intensity is directly proportional to the original intensity and the path length of the light. Beer's law proposed that the transmittance of a solution remains constant if the product of concentration and path length is constant. The modern...
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to the...
Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

Spectrophotometry: Introduction

Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
The essential components of a spectrophotometer include a source of electromagnetic radiation, a slot for placing a material to be analyzed, and a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[The Origin and Academic Characteristics of Xujiang School].

Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)·2023
Same author

[Selection and effects of flap/myocutaneous flap repair methods for the defect after perineum tumor resection].

Zhonghua shao shang za zhi = Zhonghua shaoshang zazhi = Chinese journal of burns·2020
Same author

[Clinical efficacy of partial splenic arterial embolization in treatment of hypersplenism in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis].

Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology·2020
Same author

Predicting Hepatic Steatosis in Living Liver Donors Via Controlled Attenuation Parameter.

Transplantation proceedings·2018
Same author

Granny Smith apple procyanidin extract upregulates tight junction protein expression and modulates oxidative stress and inflammation in lipopolysaccharide-induced Caco-2 cells.

Food & function·2018
Same author

Prediction of fecal nitrogen and phosphorus excretion for Chinese Holstein lactating dairy cows.

Journal of animal science·2017
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films
09:32

Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

Published on: January 26, 2016

Determining optical constants using an infrared ellipsometer.

K Q Zhang, Y H Yen

    Applied Optics
    |June 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study addresses challenges in determining optical constants (n, k, d) for infrared thin films like PbTe and Ge. A new experimental method improves precision and resolves multiple solutions for these semiconductor materials.

    More Related Videos

    A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
    04:54

    A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging

    Published on: June 16, 2023

    O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression
    06:50

    O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression

    Published on: November 8, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films
    09:32

    Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films

    Published on: January 26, 2016

    A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging
    04:54

    A Stable Phantom Material for Optical and Acoustic Imaging

    Published on: June 16, 2023

    O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression
    06:50

    O-cresol Concentration Online Measurement Based On Near Infrared Spectroscopy Via Partial Least Square Regression

    Published on: November 8, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optical Engineering
    • Solid State Physics

    Background:

    • High refractive index infrared coating materials (e.g., PbTe, Ge) are typically semiconductors.
    • Their optical constants (n, k, d) are sensitive to deposition parameters.
    • Thin films in practical optical coatings are often weakly absorbing and thin (quarter/half wavelength).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To address challenges in accurately determining optical constants (n, k, d) of thin infrared semiconductor films.
    • To overcome issues of precision and multiple solutions in optical constant determination.
    • To present a reliable experimental measurement method for infrared thin films.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of optical constant determination for thin films.
    • Development of a specialized experimental arrangement for infrared ellipsometry.
    • Validation through experimental results and presented measurement techniques.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully solved precision and multiple solution problems in optical constant determination.
    • Demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical and experimental approach.
    • Obtained reliable optical constants (n, k, d) for infrared semiconductor thin films.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method enhances the accuracy of optical constant (n, k, d) determination for infrared thin films.
    • This research provides a practical solution for analyzing semiconductor coating materials.
    • The presented experimental technique is crucial for advanced optical coating design and characterization.