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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometer01:30

Potentiometer

Voltage and current measurements using a standard voltmeter and ammeter alter the circuit being measured either by drawing or resisting the current flow, which introduces uncertainties in the measurements. Null measurements balance the voltages so that no current flows through the measuring device and, therefore, no alterations occur in the measured circuit.
Suppose the emf of a battery needs to be measured. If the battery is directly connected to a standard voltmeter, the measured quantity is...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

How to Build a Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) System to Monitor Blood Flow
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Published on: November 11, 2010

Laser speckle rotary encoder.

I Yamaguchi, T Fujita

    Applied Optics
    |June 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel rotary encoder uses laser speckle displacement for precise rotational measurements. This optical technique offers high sensitivity and repeatability for various surfaces.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Instrumentation and Measurement

    Background:

    • Traditional rotary encoders have limitations in precision and surface compatibility.
    • Optical methods offer potential for non-contact, high-resolution displacement sensing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new rotary encoder based on laser speckle displacement.
    • To evaluate the sensitivity and repeatability of the proposed encoder.

    Main Methods:

    • Illuminating a cylinder with a narrow laser beam and analyzing diffraction speckle patterns.
    • Using a linear image sensor and microcomputer for cross-correlation analysis of speckle displacement.
    • Employing He-Ne laser and laser diode for experiments on metal and paper surfaces.

    Main Results:

    • The system successfully detects speckle displacement corresponding to cylinder rotation.
    • Experiments demonstrate good sensitivity and repeatability of the optical rotary encoder.
    • Real-time correlator development enabled acceleration and extended measurement range.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed laser speckle displacement rotary encoder is a viable alternative to conventional encoders.
    • The technique shows promise for precise, non-contact rotational measurements across different materials.
    • Further development with real-time correlators enhances performance for industrial applications.