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Injection-locked semiconductor laser array using a graded-index rod: a computational model.

G A Henderson, D L Begley

    Applied Optics
    |June 18, 2010
    PubMed
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    This study models laser coupling in monolithic arrays using a GRIN rod lens. The computation successfully identified an array configuration for full coupling, explaining previous experimental results.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Semiconductor Lasers
    • Computational Physics

    Background:

    • Monolithic laser arrays require precise coupling for optimal performance.
    • Coupling mechanisms in such arrays are complex and influenced by optical components like GRIN rod lenses.
    • Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing advanced laser systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a computational model for simulating optical coupling between multiple laser emitters in a monolithic array.
    • To investigate the role of a Gradient Refractive Index (GRIN) rod lens in mediating this coupling.
    • To determine optimal array configurations for achieving efficient laser coupling.

    Main Methods:

    • Characterization of individual emitter modes using effective index waveguide calculations.

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  • Solving differential equations for ray propagation in a non-uniform refractive index medium via a Runge-Kutta algorithm.
  • Tracing ray bundles through free space, the GRIN rod, and back to the array to calculate power transfer fractions.

    • Main Results:

    • The computational model successfully predicted coupling coefficients for a five-emitter array.
    • An optimal array position and orientation were identified, demonstrating full coupling of all five laser elements.
    • Computed coupling coefficients were found to be commensurate with values needed for complete array coupling.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed model accurately simulates laser coupling in monolithic arrays mediated by GRIN rod lenses.
    • The findings provide a new interpretation of previous experimental results, attributing them to injection locking facilitated by the rod lens.
    • This work offers a valuable tool for designing and optimizing integrated photonic devices.