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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model
07:12

Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model

Published on: September 28, 2017

Bone densitometry and vertebral fracture assessment.

E Michael Lewiecki1

  • 1New Mexico Clinical Research & Osteoporosis Center, 300 Oak Street NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. LEWIECKI@aol.com

Current Osteoporosis Reports
|June 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis and assessing fracture risk using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA) by DXA aids in detecting vertebral fractures, improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment decisions.

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

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Semiautomated Longitudinal Microcomputed Tomography-based Quantitative Structural Analysis of a Nude Rat Osteoporosis-related Vertebral Fracture Model
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Osteoporosis Research
  • Bone Health Assessment

Background:

  • Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is vital for diagnosing osteoporosis, evaluating fracture risk, and monitoring treatment efficacy.
  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the sole technology recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) for BMD classification and validated for the WHO fracture risk assessment algorithm (FRAX).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of DXA in osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture risk assessment.
  • To introduce Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA) by DXA as a tool for detecting vertebral deformities.
  • To compare VFA with standard spinal radiography.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for bone mineral density (BMD) measurement.
  • Employing Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA) via DXA to image the thoracic and lumbar spine.
  • Comparing VFA findings with standard spinal radiographs for vertebral fracture detection.

Main Results:

  • DXA is the only method for WHO-based BMD classification and FRAX algorithm input.
  • VFA by DXA effectively detects vertebral fractures, potentially altering diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment.
  • VFA demonstrates good correlation with standard radiography for moderate/severe vertebral fractures, offering lower radiation, greater convenience, and reduced cost.

Conclusions:

  • DXA and VFA are essential tools in the comprehensive management of osteoporosis and fracture risk.
  • VFA provides a valuable, efficient, and safer alternative to standard radiography for vertebral fracture assessment.
  • Optimal DXA and VFA performance necessitates specialized training and strict adherence to quality standards.