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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Synthesis of Graphene Nanofluids with Controllable Flake Size Distributions
Published on: July 17, 2019
Stable aqueous dispersions of noncovalently functionalized graphene from graphite and their multifunctional
Xiaohong An1, Trevor Simmons, Rakesh Shah
1Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
Abstract:
We present a scalable and facile technique for noncovalent functionalization of graphene with 1-pyrenecarboxylic acid that exfoliates single-, few-, and multilayered graphene flakes into stable aqueous dispersions. The exfoliation mechanism is established using stringent control experiments and detailed characterization steps. Using the exfoliated graphene, we demonstrate highly sensitive and selective conductometric sensors (whose resistance rapidly changes >10,000% in saturated ethanol vapor), and ultracapacitors with extremely high specific capacitance (∼ 120 F/g), power density (∼ 105 kW/kg), and energy density (∼ 9.2 Wh/kg).
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