Gram-positive infections related to CAPD

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Published on: February 23, 2014

J D Williams1, G A Coles

  • 1Institute of Nephrology, Royal Infirmary, Cardiff, UK.

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|April 1, 1991
PubMed

Insights

Gram-positive bacteria, particularly staphylococci, are the main cause of infections in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Nasal carriage of staphylococci may predispose individuals to exit site infections, but further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is a common treatment for kidney failure.
  • Infections are a significant complication of CAPD, impacting patient outcomes.
  • Gram-positive bacteria are the predominant pathogens in CAPD-related infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the common bacterial causes of infections in CAPD patients.
  • To discuss the role of Staphylococcus species in CAPD peritonitis, exit site, and tunnel infections.
  • To explore the potential link between nasal staphylococcal carriage and CAPD infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CAPD infections.
  • Analysis of etiological agents and their prevalence.
  • Discussion of current infection prevention strategies and emerging hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the leading cause of CAPD peritonitis.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is frequently implicated in exit site and tunnel infections.
  • While newer CAPD techniques reduce peritonitis incidence, relapses occur; nasal carriage is a key risk factor for exit site infections.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcal infections remain a major concern in CAPD.
  • Nasal staphylococcal carriage is a significant predisposing factor for exit site infections.
  • The efficacy of eradicating nasal carriage to prevent CAPD infections requires further investigation.

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