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Related Experiment Videos

Flow through zone 1 lungs utilizes alveolar corner vessels.

W J Lamm1, K R Kirk, W L Hanson

  • 1Medical Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|April 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Alveolar corner vessels, not septal vessels, facilitate blood flow in zone 1 of the lungs. This finding clarifies the pulmonary microcirculation pathway under low-pressure conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Previous studies noted significant blood flow in zone 1 of isolated lungs.
  • The specific microvascular pathways responsible for this zone 1 flow remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the roles of alveolar corner vessels and alveolar septal vessels in zone 1 pulmonary blood flow.
  • To elucidate the microcirculatory pathways in the lung under varying positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) conditions.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo microscopic observation of subpleural alveolar capillaries in anesthetized dogs.
  • Videomicroscopic recordings were obtained through a transparent thoracic window.
  • Alveolar vessels were classified as septal or corner vessels and observed under different PEEP levels.

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Main Results:

  • Flow through septal vessels ceased at the zone 1-zone 2 border (PEEP equal to mean pulmonary arterial pressure).
  • Flow through alveolar corner vessels persisted significantly into zone 1, with PEEP exceeding mean pulmonary arterial pressure by 8-16 cmH2O.
  • Direct visualization confirmed distinct flow behaviors in septal versus corner vessels.

Conclusions:

  • Alveolar corner vessels are the primary pathway for blood flow under zone 1 conditions.
  • These findings challenge the traditional view of septal vessels being solely responsible for zone 1 flow.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for comprehending lung physiology and pathophysiology.