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Related Concept Videos

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques
10:53

Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques

Published on: March 12, 2019

Refractive turbulence profiling using an orbiting light source.

J Krause-Polstorff, D Walters

    Applied Optics
    |June 22, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study explores using an orbiting light source to measure atmospheric refractive turbulence (C²(n)) profiles. The proposed method offers improved accuracy over current stellar scintillometers for atmospheric sensing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric physics
    • Optical remote sensing

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of atmospheric refractive turbulence (C²(n)) is crucial for various applications.
    • Existing methods like stellar scintillometers have limitations in precision and scope.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the feasibility of deriving vertical profiles of C²(n) using an orbiting monochromatic light source.
    • To develop and evaluate a novel remote sensing technique for atmospheric turbulence.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing spatial and temporal filtering of scintillation patterns caused by atmospheric density fluctuations.
    • Analyzing both single and array receiver configurations, including correction for array response issues.
    • Assessing the influence of atmospheric motion and proposing mitigation strategies.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method demonstrates the potential for obtaining vertical C²(n) profiles.
    • The technique addresses and corrects for the multiple response problem in array configurations.
    • Simulations and analysis indicate superior performance compared to stellar scintillometry.

    Conclusions:

    • The orbiting monochromatic light source method is a promising advancement for measuring atmospheric refractive turbulence.
    • This technique offers enhanced accuracy and potential for broader application in atmospheric monitoring.