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Related Concept Videos

Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences01:28

Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences

Social behavior is a complex phenomenon that arises from the interaction between biological predispositions and environmental influences. This intricate interplay shapes how individuals think, feel, and act in various social contexts. Understanding these mechanisms requires insights from psychology, neuroscience, genetics, and evolutionary theory.Environmental Influences on Social BehaviorEnvironmental factors, including temperature, odors, and visual stimuli, play a crucial role in shaping...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
10:28

Analysis of Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance in C. elegans Using a Fluorescent Reporter and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)

Published on: May 5, 2023

Environmental signals and transgenerational epigenetics.

Michael K Skinner, Carlos Guerrero-Bosagna

    Epigenomics
    |June 22, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Environmental factors can cause transgenerational inheritance of disease by altering the epigenome, not DNA sequence. Germline epigenetic reprogramming during critical developmental periods enables these inherited phenotypes across generations.

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    Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants

    Published on: July 29, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Environmental epigenetics
    • Transgenerational inheritance
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Transgenerational inheritance describes phenotypes or diseases passed to progeny beyond direct exposure.
    • Most environmental factors impact somatic cells, not germlines, limiting inheritance.
    • Epigenetic alterations, not DNA mutations, are key mechanisms for transgenerational effects.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review how environmental factors and toxicants induce transgenerational inheritance.
    • To explore the role of epigenome reprogramming in transmitting phenotypes across generations.
    • To identify critical developmental windows for germline epigenetic modification.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on environmental factors and transgenerational inheritance.
    • Analysis of mechanisms involving epigenetic reprogramming of the germline.
    • Examination of toxicants and their capacity to alter the epigenome.

    Main Results:

    • Environmental factors can induce transgenerational phenotypes without altering DNA sequence.
    • Reprogramming of the germline epigenome is crucial for transgenerational transmission.
    • Specific developmental periods are sensitive to environmental signals for epigenetic reprogramming.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmental toxicants can promote transgenerational inheritance through epigenetic mechanisms.
    • Germline epigenome reprogramming is a critical mediator of inherited disease states.
    • Understanding critical developmental windows is key to preventing environmentally induced transgenerational effects.