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Study of root canals configuration in mandibular first permanent molar
N K Goel1, K S Gill, J R Taneja
1Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab.
Summary
Mandibular first molars frequently exhibit complex root canal anatomy, with most mesial roots having two canals and distal roots typically having one or two. Understanding this intricate root canal morphology is crucial for effective endodontic treatment.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Endodontics
- Oral Anatomy
Background:
- The mandibular first permanent molar is a critical tooth in the dental arch.
- Variations in root canal morphology can complicate endodontic procedures.
- Accurate understanding of root canal anatomy is essential for successful treatment outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the number and configuration of root canals in the mandibular first permanent molar.
- To analyze features such as canal anastomosis, curvature, apical foramina, and canal type.
- To provide detailed anatomical data for endodontic practice.
Main Methods:
- Radiographic examination of 60 mandibular first permanent molars.
- Analysis of root canal number, configuration, and associated anatomical features.
- Classification of root canal types and assessment of curvature.
Main Results:
- Mesial roots commonly presented with two canals (78.3%), while distal roots predominantly had one (58.3%) or two (40%) canals.
- Transverse anastomosis was observed in approximately 50% of mesial roots and 21.7% of distal roots.
- Mesial roots showed a higher prevalence of curvature (51.7%) and multiple apical foramina compared to distal roots.
Conclusions:
- The mandibular first permanent molar displays significant root canal complexity, particularly in the mesial root.
- Prevalence of multiple canals, anastomosis, and varied apical foramina necessitates careful radiographic interpretation.
- Detailed knowledge of this anatomy aids clinicians in achieving predictable endodontic success.