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Cervical spine fractures and maxillofacial trauma
R H Haug1, R T Wible, M J Likavec
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital, OH 44109.
Summary
Cervical spine fractures are a serious risk in maxillofacial trauma. This study found 2.0% of facial fracture patients had concurrent cervical spine injuries, often linked to motor vehicle accidents.
Area of Science:
- Traumatology
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Maxillofacial trauma can lead to severe complications, including cervical spine fractures.
- These injuries carry a high risk of mortality and neurological damage.
- Early identification and management are crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of cervical spine fractures in patients with maxillofacial trauma.
- To characterize the demographic and injury patterns of patients with concomitant injuries.
- To discuss the diagnostic and management strategies for these complex cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 563 patients with facial fractures treated at a level I trauma center.
- Identification of patients with concurrent cervical spine fractures.
- Analysis of patient demographics, injury mechanisms, and associated fractures.
Main Results:
- Eleven (2.0%) patients had concomitant cervical spine fractures.
- Patients were predominantly male (91%), white (100%), and aged 20-35 (64%).
- Motor vehicle accidents (91%) and mandibular fractures (91%) were common associated factors.
Conclusions:
- Cervical spine fractures are an underrecognized but significant risk in maxillofacial trauma.
- A high index of suspicion and thorough evaluation are necessary for patients with facial injuries.
- Multidisciplinary management is essential for optimizing outcomes in these high-risk patients.