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Related Concept Videos

Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

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The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

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Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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An Effective Manual Deboning Method To Prepare Intact Mouse Nasal Tissue With Preserved Anatomical Organization
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Smoker's nose: structural and functional characteristics.

Thomas Kjaergaard1, Milada Cvancarova, Sverre K Steinsvaag

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. kjaergaard.t@gmail.com

The Laryngoscope
|June 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Smoking negatively impacts nasal airway geometry and airflow. Smokers show reduced nasal cavity dimensions and airflow, with decreased mucosal capacity, potentially affecting lower airways.

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Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface
10:38

Culturing of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells at the Air Liquid Interface

Published on: October 8, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The effects of smoking on nasal cavity dimensions and airflow are not well understood.
  • Chronic nasal and sleep-related complaints are common reasons for otolaryngology referrals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between smoking status and objective measures of endonasal geometry and airflow.
  • To evaluate the impact of smoking on nasal congestion and mucosal response.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 2,523 patients with chronic nasal or sleep complaints.
  • Objective measurements using acoustic rhinometry (AR) and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF).
  • Analysis of minimal cross-sectional areas (MCA), nasal cavity volumes (NCV), PNIF, and nasal congestion index (NCI) in relation to smoking history.

Main Results:

  • Smokers demonstrated significantly lower MCA, NCV, and PNIF compared to nonsmokers.
  • Smokers exhibited reduced nasal mucosal decongestive capacity (lower NCI).
  • Inverse relationship observed between cigarette consumption (pack-years, cigarettes/day) and nasal measures, though not strictly linear.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking adversely affects nasal airway dimensions and airflow, leading to reduced MCA, NCV, and PNIF.
  • Smokers possess less compliant nasal mucosa, indicating potential inflammation due to smoking.
  • Altered nasal function in smokers may have implications for lower airway health.