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On the Preparation and Testing of Fuel Cell Catalysts Using the Thin Film Rotating Disk Electrode Method
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Published on: March 16, 2018

Catalyst supports for polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

Chinmayee Subban1, Qin Zhou, Brian Leonard

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, , Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|June 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered new doped oxide materials, Ti(1-x)M(x)O(2), as durable catalyst supports for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. These oxides show promise for replacing corroding carbon blacks, maintaining performance in harsh conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Current polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) face durability challenges due to the corrosion of carbon black catalyst supports.
  • Catalyst supports must withstand acidic conditions, high potentials, and elevated temperatures (up to 120°C) in the presence of hydrogen and oxygen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate novel, corrosion-resistant catalyst support materials for long-term fuel cell durability.
  • To explore the potential of doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) materials as alternatives to carbon supports.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of doped oxide materials, specifically Ti(1-x)M(x)O(2) where M represents various transition metals.
  • Electrochemical testing of Ti(0.7)W(0.3)O(2) to assess its stability over the relevant potential range.
  • Deposition of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles onto the doped oxide support and evaluation of its electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions.

Main Results:

  • The doped oxide Ti(0.7)W(0.3)O(2) demonstrated electrochemical inertness within the operating potential range of PEMFCs.
  • Platinum nanoparticles deposited on Ti(0.7)W(0.3)O(2) exhibited catalytic activity for hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction.
  • The performance of Pt on the novel doped oxide support was comparable to commercial Pt on carbon black supports, despite the deposition process not being fully optimized.

Conclusions:

  • Doped oxide materials, such as Ti(0.7)W(0.3)O(2), represent a promising class of stable alternatives to carbon black for PEMFC catalyst supports.
  • These materials offer potential for significantly improving the long-term durability of fuel cells by resisting corrosion in acidic environments.
  • Further optimization of the synthesis and nanoparticle deposition processes could lead to enhanced electrocatalytic performance and widespread adoption in fuel cell technology.