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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

Published on: February 10, 2020

Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy from reacting optically levitated microdroplets.

J C Carls, G Moncivais, J R Brock

|June 23, 2010

Summary

Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy monitors aerosol microdroplet reactions. This technique tracks D2O absorption by glycerol droplets, estimating composition and temperature over time.

Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Spectroscopy

Background:

Aerosol microdroplets are crucial in atmospheric chemistry and biological processes.
Studying reactions within microdroplets requires advanced analytical techniques.
Understanding microdroplet composition and dynamics is key to predicting environmental and health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate time-resolved Raman spectroscopy for in-situ analysis of reactions in aerosol microdroplets.
To demonstrate the capability of resolving dynamic changes within microdroplets on second timescales.
To establish a method for determining microdroplet composition and temperature during reactions.

Main Methods:

Utilizing optically levitated glycerol microdroplets.

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Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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Introducing deuterium oxide (D2O) vapor to the microdroplets.

Employing time-resolved Raman spectroscopy to monitor spectral changes.

Analyzing spectral features to deduce droplet composition and temperature.

Main Results:

Successfully resolved time scales of approximately 1 second for reactions within the microdroplets.
Demonstrated the ability to estimate the time-dependent composition of the microdroplet.
Successfully deduced the average temperature of the optically levitated D2O-glycerol microdroplet system.

Conclusions:

Time-resolved Raman spectroscopy is a viable and powerful tool for studying dynamic processes in aerosol microdroplets.
The developed method allows for non-invasive, in-situ monitoring of microdroplet composition and temperature.
This technique opens new avenues for investigating aerosol-phase reactions relevant to atmospheric and environmental science.