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Local antibiotic therapy in osteomyelitis

Jaspaul S Gogia1, John P Meehan, Paul E Di Cesare

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California.

Seminars in Plastic Surgery
|June 23, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Local antibiotic delivery effectively treats osteomyelitis using various methods. Polymethylmethacrylate remains a mainstay, while newer biodegradable materials and antibiotic-impregnated metal show future promise for osteomyelitis treatment and prophylaxis.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Local antibiotic delivery is a long-established, safe, and effective strategy for osteomyelitis treatment.
  • Various drug delivery systems have been developed for both treating and preventing bone infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical and current methods of local antibiotic delivery for osteomyelitis.
  • To highlight the advantages and limitations of different biomaterials used in antibiotic delivery.
  • To discuss emerging technologies in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and novel local antibiotic delivery systems for osteomyelitis.
  • Analysis of material properties, including elution characteristics and structural support.
  • Evaluation of clinical efficacy and future potential of different delivery methods.

Main Results:

  • Non-biodegradable polymethylmethacrylate has been the primary treatment for two decades due to its elution and structural properties.
  • Biodegradable materials like calcium sulfate and bone graft substitutes are increasingly utilized.
  • Emerging options include synthetic polymers and antibiotic-impregnated metal, showing significant laboratory potential.

Conclusions:

  • Local antibiotic delivery is a cornerstone in osteomyelitis management.
  • Material choice significantly impacts treatment effectiveness and patient outcomes.
  • Advancements in biomaterials and implantable devices offer promising future therapeutic strategies for osteomyelitis.
Keywords:
Antibioticbiodegradableelutionmethylmethacrylateosteomyelitis

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