Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract01:29

Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract

The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more like...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical standards for antimicrobial stewardship in TB care.

IJTLD open·2025
Same author

[Diagnosis and treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis : S3 guideline of the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology e. V. (DGRh) and German Society for Internal Medicine e. V. (DGIM), German Society for Nephrology e. V. (DGfN), German Society for ENT Medicine and Head and Neck Surgery e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), German Ophthalmological Society e. V. (DOG), German Society for Neurology e. V. (DGN), German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine e. V. (DGP), German Society for Pathology e. V. (DGP), German Radiological Society, Society for Medical Radiology e. V. (DRG), Federal Association of German Pathologists, Federal Kidney Association e. V., German Rheumatism League Federal Association e. V.]

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2025
Same author

[Diagnosis and treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis : SHORT VERSION of the S3 guideline of the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology e. V. (DGRh) and German Society for Internal Medicine e. V. (DGIM), German Society for Nephrology e. V. (DGfN), German Society for Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery e. V. (DGHNO-KHC), German Ophthalmological Society e. V. (DOG), German Society for Neurology e. V. (DGN), German Society for Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine e. V. (DGP), German Society for Pathology e. V. (DGP), German Radiological Society, Society for Medical Radiology e. V. (DRG), Federal Association of German Pathologists, Federal Kidney Association e. V., German Rheumatism League Federal Association e. V.]

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2025
Same author

Drug susceptibility testing for TB using the Xpert MTB/XDR assay on stool specimens.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease·2025
Same author

Safety management in treatment with antimalarials in rheumatology. Interdisciplinary recommendations on the basis of a systematic literature review.

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2020
Same author

[Safety management of the treatment with antimalarial drugs in rheumatology. Interdisciplinary recommendations based on a systematic literature search].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie·2020
Same journal

["DOG 2020 online" - for the first time in the von Graefe year].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2024
Same journal

[Are organ and co-cultures an alternative to animal models in ophthalmology?]

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Pediatric corneal opacities : Even small improvements provide lifelong help].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Myxoma of the conjunctiva].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Secondary open-angle glaucoma: uveitic secondary glaucoma, steroid-induced glaucoma, posttraumatic and postoperative glaucoma, tumor-related glaucoma and glaucoma due to elevated episcleral venous pressure].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
Same journal

[Artificial intelligence in the management of anti-VEGF treatment: the Vienna fluid monitor in clinical practice].

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
07:24

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

[Multiresistant bacteria in ophthalmology].

T Ness1

  • 1Universitäts-Augenklinik Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106 Freiburg. thomas.ness@uniklinik-freiburg.de

Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
|June 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria, including MRSA and VRE, are a growing medical threat, frequently causing eye infections. These resistant pathogens impact the ocular surface, lids, and lacrimal duct, posing significant challenges.

More Related Videos

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
07:24

Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Published on: February 6, 2021

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
14:04

Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria

Published on: May 8, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Ophthalmology

Context:

  • The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Key MDR pathogens include methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant MRSA (VMRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
  • Ophthalmology is particularly affected by infections caused by MRSA and VRE.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the prevalence and impact of multidrug-resistant bacteria in medical settings.
  • To identify specific multidrug-resistant pathogens relevant to ophthalmic infections.
  • To describe the ocular structures commonly involved in these infections.

Summary:

  • Multidrug-resistant bacteria are an escalating concern across various medical disciplines.
  • Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are prominent pathogens causing infections in ophthalmology.
  • Ophthalmic infections frequently involve the ocular surface, eyelids, and lacrimal duct.

Impact:

  • Increased awareness of the threat posed by multidrug-resistant pathogens in clinical practice.
  • Emphasis on the specific risks and involvement of MRSA and VRE in ophthalmic infections.
  • Understanding the common sites of ocular infection provides a basis for targeted prevention and treatment strategies.