Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Early Dynamics of Body Temperature in Acute Stroke: Insights into Outcomes and Management.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Beyond the usual suspects: rethinking post-stroke immunosuppression.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Linking first-pass reperfusion success to proteomic markers in large and medium vessel ischemic stroke: an exploratory study.

Precision clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Perinatal liver sympathetic innervation governs body size.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

In Vitro Analysis of TWEAK/Fn14 Axis in the Blood-Brain Barrier Models during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation.

Molecular neurobiology·2026
Same author

Navigated and robotic-assisted sacroiliac joint fusion: a narrative review.

Expert review of medical devices·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

[Inflammatory response during ischaemic processes: adhesion molecules and immunomodulation].

María D Cuenca-López1, David Brea, María F Galindo

  • 1Laboratorio de Investigación de Neurociencias Clínicas, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España.

Revista De Neurologia
|June 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Cerebral ischemia causes neuron death and inflammation. The body initiates an immunosuppressive response to control inflammation and prevent autoimmune reactions after stroke.

More Related Videos

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
12:55

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

Published on: December 9, 2021

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain
12:14

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

Published on: February 12, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
12:55

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

Published on: December 9, 2021

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain
12:14

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cells from the Ischemic Mouse Brain

Published on: February 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Context:

  • Cerebral ischemia leads to necrotic neuronal cell death due to oxygen and glucose deprivation.
  • This cell death activates the immune system, involving microglia, astrocytes, and peripheral immune cells, initiating an inflammatory cascade.
  • The inflammatory response, while clearing debris, can exacerbate brain damage by increasing blood-brain barrier permeability.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the dual role of inflammation in cerebral ischemia, encompassing both damage and repair mechanisms.
  • To explore the subsequent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory responses following ischemic events.
  • To understand how cerebral ischemia exposes new epitopes, potentially triggering autoimmune responses.

Summary:

  • Activated microglia and inflammatory cells release mediators that increase blood-brain barrier permeability, contributing to further brain damage.
  • Despite its role in debris clearance and repair initiation, the inflammatory response is counterbalanced by immunosuppression.
  • The body's anti-inflammatory response aims to control post-ischemic inflammation and prevent the development of autoimmune reactions against newly exposed brain antigens.

Impact:

  • Understanding the inflammatory and immunosuppressive dynamics post-cerebral ischemia is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
  • The findings highlight the delicate balance between inflammation, repair, and autoimmunity in the context of stroke.
  • This research contributes to the knowledge of neuroinflammation and its implications for stroke recovery and long-term neurological outcomes.