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Updated: Jun 12, 2026
10:07
Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
Published on: February 22, 2014
Pto update: recent progress on an ancient plant defence response signalling pathway
1Department of Plant Pathology, 351 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Molecular Plant Pathology
|June 24, 2010
Summary
Tomato
Area of Science:
- Plant pathology
- Molecular genetics
- Plant immunity
Background:
- The Pto resistance gene confers resistance to bacterial speck disease in tomato.
- Pto encodes a serine/threonine kinase interacting with the avrPto avirulence protein.
- Decades of research have advanced understanding of Pto biochemistry and AvrPto recognition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an update on recent advances in the study of the Pto-AvrPto interaction and tomato plant defense.
- To explore new findings in AvrPto structure-function, Pto recognition of AvrPtoB, and transcription factor interactions.
Main Methods:
- Yeast two-hybrid system for protein interaction studies.
- Analysis of AvrPto structure-function relationships.
- Expression analysis and functional characterization of transcription factors.
- Pto over-expression studies.
- Comparative genomics of Pto gene family members.
Main Results:
- Discovery of AvrPto structure-function relationships influencing disease and resistance.
- Identification of AvrPtoB, a second avirulence protein recognized by Pto.
- Characterization of transcription factors Pti4, Pti5, and Pti6 interacting with Pto.
- Pto over-expression activates defense responses independently of AvrPto.
- Comparative analyses reveal the ancient origin of the Pto gene family and specific AvrPto recognition.
Conclusions:
- Recent advances deepen the understanding of the Pto-AvrPto mediated plant defense pathway in tomato.
- The Pto gene family is ancient, and its capacity for specific pathogen recognition is conserved across species.
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